An extension on attendance and efficiency in turkish state theaters

This paper investigates the attendance and efficiency of state theaters in Turkey. It is found that public theater attendance is price inelastic since theater expenses occupy a small space in theatergoers' budget sets. This is true since theater tickets are subsidized by almost 97 percent. Touring to less developed cities attract more attendance per performance compared to changing the stages for a particular play on most developed cities. This finding suggests that state theaters should tour to different less developed cities more. This can diminish the criticism to state theaters also since popular press criticizes the state theaters in terms of producing many ATMactors. Results of 2003-2004 season indicate that performance is not a significant determinant of total paid attendance, whereas 2004-2005 season indicates that plays are performed too many times since performance is negatively and significantly affecting total paid attendance.Attendance, efficiency, Turkish state theaters

Yolsuzluk ve vergi kaçakçılığı

Corruption and tax evasion problems have been investigated separately before. Tax evasion is also considered to be a corrupt behavior itself. However, in this paper, corruption is taken to be a bribe taken by a government official and tax evasion is defined as an illegal act to avoid paying taxes by violating tax laws. An interesting research question would be to see whether corruption can induce tax evasion in individuals ? It is found in the paper that the size of bribe can negatively affect tax evasion. It is shown that when a bribe is sufficiently large, taxpayers prefer to pay their taxes voluntarily, not to evade taxes.Yolsuzluk ve vergi kaçakçılığı sorunları literatürde daha önce ayrı ayrı incelendi. Vergi kaçakçılığı da bir yolsuzluk olsa da, bu makalede yolsuzluk devlet memurunun rüşvet alması ve vergi kaçakçılığı da mükellefin yasalara aykırı davranarak ödemesi gereken vergiyi ödememesi olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu makalede yolsuzluğun vergi kaçakçılığını özendirip özendirmeyeceği teorik olarak araştırılmaktadır. Teorik model, istenen rüşvetin yüksek olması durumunda vergi mükellefinin vergi kaçırmayacağını matematiksel olarak göstermektedir

Corruption and Tax Evasion

Yolsuzluk ve vergi kaçakçılığı sorunları literatürde daha önce ayrı ayrı incelendi. Vergi kaçakçılığı da bir yolsuzluk olsa da, bu makalede yolsuzluk devlet memurunun rüşvet alması ve vergi kaçakçılığı da mükellefin yasalara aykırı davranarak ödemesi gereken vergiyi ödememesi olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu makalede yolsuzluğun vergi kaçakçılığını özendirip özendirmeyeceği teorik olarak araştırılmaktadır. Teorik model, istenen rüşvetin yüksek olması durumunda vergi mükellefinin vergi kaçırmayacağını matematiksel olarak göstermektedir.Corruption and tax evasion problems have been investigated separately before. Tax evasion is also considered to be a corrupt behavior itself. However, in this paper, corruption is taken to be a bribe taken by a government official and tax evasion is defined as an illegal act to avoid paying taxes by violating tax laws. An interesting research question would be to see whether corruption can induce tax evasion in individuals ? It is found in the paper that the size of bribe can negatively affect tax evasion. It is shown that when a bribe is sufficiently large, taxpayers prefer to pay their taxes voluntarily, not to evade taxes

Proceedings of the Conference on Human and Economic Resources

This paper investigates the relative efficiency of public (state) libraries of major cities in Turkey by applying a data envelopment analysis. Scale, technical, and overall efficiency scores are calculated. It is found that there is a negative correlation between economic and social development index of the cities and efficiency scores of state libraries of same cities. In order to understand the sources of technical inefficiencies, the slack analysis is employed. Book collection and library staff are turned out to be the most problematic inputs and library members and lending of the books the most problematic outputs.public libraries, efficiency, data envelopment analysis, Turkey

Corruption and Tax Evasion

Yolsuzluk ve vergi kaçakçılığı sorunları literatürde daha önce ayrı ayrı incelendi. Vergi kaçakçılığı da bir yolsuzluk olsa da, bu makalede yolsuzluk devlet memurunun rüşvet alması ve vergi kaçakçılığı da mükellefin yasalara aykırı davranarak ödemesi gereken vergiyi ödememesi olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu makalede yolsuzluğun vergi kaçakçılığını özendirip özendirmeyeceği teorik olarak araştırılmaktadır. Teorik model, istenen rüşvetin yüksek olması durumunda vergi mükellefinin vergi kaçırmayacağını matematiksel olarak göstermektedir.Corruption and tax evasion problems have been investigated separately before. Tax evasion is also considered to be a corrupt behavior itself. However, in this paper, corruption is taken to be a bribe taken by a government official and tax evasion is defined as an illegal act to avoid paying taxes by violating tax laws. An interesting research question would be to see whether corruption can induce tax evasion in individuals ? It is found in the paper that the size of bribe can negatively affect tax evasion. It is shown that when a bribe is sufficiently large, taxpayers prefer to pay their taxes voluntarily, not to evade taxes

Death as a measure of duration of conflict

This paper argues that number of deaths in a conflict can be a measure of duration and demonstrates that there are information gains to this approach. The well-known conflict database of International Peace Research Institute is compared with the database of Center for Systemic Peace which includes data on the number of deaths in addition to length of conflict. There are differences in the two datasets. The number and distribution of conflicts vary however duration analysis yields results that are robust over datasets. We also show that number of deaths, as a measure of duration, challenges some of the results based on number of years as a measure of duration. We can also argue that economic integration coincides with shorter duration of conflicts in terms of both deaths and years. International conflicts have a shorter life and have fewer deaths than domestic conflicts. Geographic or ethnic characteristics of conflicts are not robust over datasets nor over measure of duration.Duration models; violence; wars; conflict studies;ethnic conflict

Proceedings of the Conference on Emerging Economic Issues in a Globalizing World

The relationship between the degree of religiosity and economic development is empirically investigated for a cross-section of all Turkish cities with municipal authorities. It is found that economic development and the degree of religiosity have a non-linear relationship. Religiosity increases with industrialization first, however, as the industrialization increases more, the degree of religiosity decreases. Coastal towns are less religious. Mosques and schools are complements rather than substitutes as they affect each other positively. This can be interpreted as the ideological competition between religious communities and secularists.Turkey,religiosity and economic development

The socio-cultural integration of immigrants in Germany: Changes across generations

Previous studies have used language proficiency, citizenship, labour indicators, educational outcomes, and political rights as measures of migrants’ socio-cultural integration. However, little is known about the migrants’ participation in volunteering activities, music concerts, theatrical plays, and artistic activities, among others, and how this is compared to the participation of natives, defined as people of German descent and born in Germany. The study aims to investigate and compare the cultural and social involvement between migrants and natives. The analysis relies on information from the German Socio-Economic Panel Survey (GSOEP). Panel data models, in particular, the random-effects ordered Logit model, are utilised because the investigated outcomes are recorded in frequency and are ordered variables. We compare the participation in socio-cultural activities among immigrants of the first, second, and 2.5 generations. Our findings indicate that first-generation immigrants are less likely to engage in various socio-cultural activities. However, the 2.5 generation immigrants are more active than the native population, as this generation of immigrants participates more frequently. The findings highlight the importance of fostering interaction between natives and immigrants in the workplace and the social and cultural realms. Participation in social and cultural activities may increase intercultural awareness and contribute to the eradication of bias and prejudice

The Impact of Migration Flows on Well-Being of Elderly Natives and Migrants: Evidence from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe

Immigration has been a long-standing contentious issue across the globe. According to a recent report published by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) in 2015, the majority of people in the Northern and Western European countries report positive perceptions towards immigration compared to those of the Southern European countries. However, little is known about how migration affects the well-being of old aged people. The main aim of this study is to examine the association between net migration rates and the subjective and objective well-being of old-aged natives in Europe, using the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe during the period of 2004–2017. The estimates will also take place across different regions and across various groups such as gender, age, education level, and first- and second-generation migrants. In addition to the conventional methods, such as the ordinary least squares (OLS) used to analyse the relevant associations, we also apply an instrumental variables (IV) approach to account for possible endogeneity in migration. The results are mixed as we find a positive impact of migration on the subjective well-being and wages of natives and second-generation immigrants in the Northern/Western and Eastern European countries, and a negative impact in the Southern region